Disability Insurance, often called DI or disability income insurance, is a form of insurance that insures the beneficiary's earned income against the risk that disability will make working (and therefore earning) impossible. It includes paid sick leave, short-term disability benefits, and long-term disability benefits.

Individual Disability Insurance

Those whose employers do not provide benefits, and self-employed individuals who desire disability coverage, may purchase their own policies on the open market. Premiums and available benefits for individual coverage vary considerably between different companies, for individuals in different occupations, and by State and Country.  In general, premiums are higher for policies that provided more monthly benefit, pay the benefit for a longer period of time, and start payments for benefits more quickly following a disability. Premiums also tend to be higher for policies that define disability in broader terms, meaning the policy would pay benefits in a wider variety of circumstances.

Key Person Disability Insurance

Key Person Disability Insurance provides crucial benefits for any functioning business to protect the company from financial hardship that may result from the loss of a key employee due to disability. Key Person coverage provides cash flow to help a company move forward and maintain a profit in the event a key employee becomes disabled. The company could use the disability benefits to hire a temporary employee should the disabled employee's prognosis appear to be a short-term disability. In the unfortunate circumstance of a permanent disability, benefits would then be used to help defray the costs related to hiring a replacement employee, such as recruitment, training, startup, loss in revenue and unfunded salary continuation costs.

Business Overhead Expense Disability Insurance

Business Overhead Expense (BOE) coverage is designed to reimburse a business for overhead expenses should the owner experience a disability. Eligible benefits include: Rent or mortgage payments, utilities, leasing costs, laundry/maintenance, accounting/billing and collection service fees, business insurance premiums, employee salaries, employee benefits, property tax, and other regular monthly expenses.

Although there are many other different types of DI coverage available, All policies have one thing in common, they generally pay only 60 to 80% of the insured's earnings before disability; otherwise, it may motivate some insured's to malinger, which reduces the insurance company's profits and increases premiums.